Factors such as the duration of treatment, the absence of diabetes, and even muscle mass significantly influence how effective popular weight loss medications are. A study published in the journal *Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism* found that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), including semaglutide (marketed under brand names like Ozempic and Wegovy), achieve their greatest effect in individuals with specific physiological characteristics.
Researchers analyzed data from 679 overweight and obese individuals who started taking GLP-1RAs between November 2022 and October 2024. The study showed the most significant weight loss progress among participants who received treatment for a longer duration, specifically used semaglutide, did not have diabetes, and had a higher percentage of body fat.
Furthermore, other factors contributing to successful weight reduction included a high metabolic rate, well-developed skeletal muscles (including abdominal and limb muscles), and elevated creatinine levels. Creatinine is a biomarker commonly associated with muscle mass.
The study authors highlighted that these findings will aid in tailoring treatment strategies more precisely for individual patients. “We are moving towards personalized obesity therapy, taking into account the specific body composition of each person,” stated Linong Ji from Peking University People`s Hospital.
Earlier research had already indicated that GLP-1 drugs like semaglutide offer benefits beyond lowering blood sugar and reducing weight; they may also protect brain health. Studies have shown that taking these medications can significantly lower the risk of dementia.
