Scientists have identified a surprisingly effective anti-cancer agent within the gut microbiota of the Japanese tree frog. In experiments conducted on mice, a specific bacterial strain successfully eliminated tumors entirely and prevented them from returning, all without noticeable adverse effects. The findings were published in the journal Gut Microbes.
Researchers initiated the study based on the observation that amphibians and reptiles rarely develop cancer. They screened 45 bacterial strains isolated from various amphibians and reptiles, including frogs, newts, and lizards, identifying several with anti-tumor activity.
The Most Potent Strain
The most potent candidate was the Ewingella americana strain, sourced from the Japanese tree frog’s intestine. A single administration of this bacterium led to the complete disappearance of tumors in the test mice. This discovery opens a new frontier in leveraging natural biological mechanisms for oncology.
Analysis revealed that the bacterium operates via a dual mechanism: it directly damages cancerous tissue while simultaneously stimulating the host`s immune system. Following treatment, the activity of key immune cells—T-cells, B-cells, and neutrophils—increased, enabling the body to independently suppress cancer growth.
Scientists hypothesize that the bacterium’s crucial advantage lies in its capacity to survive in low-oxygen (hypoxic) environments—a characteristic feature of many aggressive, solid tumors. This ability allows the bacterium to thrive specifically within the hostile tumor microenvironment.
The authors emphasize that these results are currently limited to preclinical data. Extensive additional testing regarding safety and efficacy is required before considering any potential application in human patients.
In related cancer research, it has been separately reported that working night shifts and chronic disruption of the sleep cycle significantly increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
