Long-term exposure to polluted air may increase the risk of developing meningioma, one of the most common types of central nervous system tumors. This conclusion was reached by researchers from the Danish Cancer Institute, who analyzed data from nearly 4 million people over 21 years. The study results were published in the journal Neurology.
Meningioma is typically a benign tumor that forms in the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. The researchers discovered that individuals exposed to high levels of ultrafine particles, nitrogen dioxide, and other pollutants for a decade had a significantly higher risk of developing this tumor. For instance, a 4 µg/m³ increase in PM2.5 concentration was associated with a 21 percent increased risk.
The authors emphasize that this finding indicates a correlation, not a proven cause-and-effect relationship. However, the data supports the hypothesis that air pollution can affect not only the lungs and heart but also the brain, particularly given the ability of ultrafine particles to cross the blood-brain barrier.
Scientists are calling for further research to clarify the mechanisms behind this potential link and evaluate possible preventive measures. If the association is confirmed, efforts to combat urban smog could gain new significance as a means of preventing brain tumors.
Experts previously reported that polluted air can cause the same genetic mutations as smoking. Studies have shown that non-smokers living in polluted areas are more likely to have key oncogenic mutations.
