Scientists have proposed a novel approach to tackle hay fever, the pollen allergy affecting up to 40 percent of Europeans. Researchers from Kazakhstan have developed a nasal preparation based on monoclonal antibodies. In experiments conducted on mice, this substance successfully inhibited allergic reactions to mugwort, which is among the most prevalent allergens in Europe and Central Asia. The findings of this research were published in the journal Frontiers in Immunology.
In contrast to conventional treatments that require multiple injections and lengthy desensitization processes, the new technique involves the straightforward application of antibodies directly onto the nasal lining. Here, they function as a `molecular shield,` binding to allergens and thereby preventing the initiation of an immune response. Mice treated with this method demonstrated preserved normal lung function, decreased inflammatory reactions, and reduced irritation symptoms.
This study marks the first instance where the nasal administration of specifically engineered antibodies has shown efficacy simultaneously for both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. The researchers highlight that this represents a fundamentally different strategy: it is targeted, acts rapidly, and is non-invasive (requires no injections). The subsequent phase will involve adapting the antibodies for human application and evaluating their safety. Should these steps prove successful, clinical trials involving humans could commence within approximately two years.
Previously, it was found that skin damage can be a catalyst for the development of food allergies. This can occur when a skin injury coincides with exposure to a new food item, prompting the immune system to identify the product as a potential threat.
