Researchers have developed a groundbreaking antibody capable of simultaneously neutralizing two of the world`s most dangerous viruses, Nipah and Hendra. This innovative treatment also prevents the viruses from mutating and evading therapy.
Both viruses are part of the henipavirus family and cause severe, often fatal, lung and brain inflammation. Nipah virus outbreaks occur regularly in South Asian countries, particularly in Bangladesh and India, while Hendra virus is found in Australia, transmitted from bats to humans via horses. Currently, there are no approved vaccines or specific medications for these infections.
The novel treatment is a unique two-component molecule. It combines the DS90 nanobody, which blocks the virus`s fusion protein, with the previously identified m102.4 antibody, which prevents the virus from attaching to host cells. This “double-barreled” approach proved not only more potent but also more resistant to viral adaptation; the viruses were unable to develop mutations against it even after repeated attempts.
In animal trials, the drug provided complete protection when administered before infection and saved half of infected subjects when given afterward. Crucially, it was effective against both Nipah and Hendra viruses, including different strains and potential mutants. The researchers highlight that this strategy could serve as a universal model for combating highly dangerous viruses. They also note that nanobodies` small size and stability make them suitable for rapid production, storage without refrigeration, and even delivery via inhalation.
In a related development, scientists recently made progress towards a potential HIV cure. They used mRNA technology to force the virus out of hiding within immune cells. This technique employs next-generation nanoparticles to make the hidden virus visible to the immune system.
